Mexican Journal of Medical Research ICSA

Mental health as an evidence-based multidisciplinary commitment

2025-05-14T14:44:11-06:00

Editorial del número 26

The Role of Abdominal Cerclage in Managing Multiple Pregnancy Losses. Case Report.

2025-05-06T16:54:42-06:00

Cervical incompetence is a recognized cause of recurrent pregnancy losses in the second trimester. Abdominal cerclage, a less common surgical technique than transvaginal cerclage, may be a viable option in cases where transvaginal procedures have failed or are contraindicated. This report describes the case of a 34-year-old patient with severe cervical incompetence, characterized by recurrent pregnancy losses in the second trimester, despite having undergone multiple transvaginal cerclages without success.

It was decided to perform an abdominal cerclage by laparotomy, with the placement of a permanent suture around the upper portion of the cervix, at the transition to the uterine isthmus. A direct comparative intervention was not performed, as previous attempts with transvaginal cerclage were unsuccessful. However, a theoretical comparison with transvaginal techniques is addressed in terms of efficacy and safety.

The intervention allowed the patient to carry a pregnancy to term, culminating in a cesarean delivery without significant obstetric complications. Postoperative follow-up revealed no complications derived from the abdominal cerclage.

Abdominal cerclage proved to be an effective therapeutic option in this patient with severe cervical incompetence, where transvaginal methods had failed. This case highlights the importance of considering abdominal cerclage in patients with refractory cervical incompetence, highlighting its potential to achieve successful pregnancies

Gallstone ileus as a complication of cholelithiasis: review of a clinical case

2025-05-06T16:54:42-06:00

Gallstone ileus is an obstructive pathology at the intestinal level, secondary to the presence of a gallstone in the intestinal lumen as a complication of cholelithiasis. It occurs when a gallbladder stone migrates through a bilioenteric fistula, with the ileum being the most common site of stone impaction.

Gallstone ileus has a clinically insidious presentation, in addition to non-specific data through complementary examinations, which makes timely diagnosis difficult. Imaging studies play an important role in the identification of this pathology, with Rigler's triad being a pathognomonic radiological finding of gallstone ileus.

Hereby we present a clinical case of this pathology in a 50-years old male patient, along with CT-scans showing the Rigler’s triad, laboratory exams and complete clinical assessment, as a means to show the presentation of such an uncommon pathology.

Akkermansia muciniphila: The role as a probiotic bacteria for the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome

2025-05-06T16:54:43-06:00

Metabolic syndrome is a health problem triggered by several metabolic parameters, which are common in the mexican population as well as worldwide, and which is often not treated globally but rather individually for each of these aspects. This review aims to present the different mechanisms and effects of probiotic bacteria for the prevention or treatment of MetS as a natural therapeutic alternative. The role of the intestinal microbiota in human health is crucial, and alterations in its abundance and composition are believed to be related to multiple diseases. Numerous studies have shown a strong association between certain microorganisms and diseases such as obesity, inflammatory diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, different types of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases Akkermansia muciniphila increases intestinal mucosal thicknesss and produces hort-chain fatty acids that may play an important role in the health and inflammatory status of the host. The Akkermansia muciniphila bacteria turns out to be a very promising probiotic for the treatment or prevention of many diseases, but especially those resulting in metabolic disorders or metabolic syndrome, and the supplementation along with a low-calorie diet and functional food, it could favor the amount of this bacteria in large intestine and its reproduction.

Characterization of personal health determinants in a sample of adolescents from Hidalgo

2025-05-06T16:54:43-06:00

Purpose: Characterize personal health determinants in a sample of adolescents

Design: Secondary analysis of the 2020 Health Lifestyle Habits Screening Questionnaire data.

Subjects: 687 adolescents aged 14-19; 69% women and 31.0% men (16.7±1.6 years)

Measure: Demographic information, health perception, tobacco and alcohol consumption, perception of eating behavior; perception of physical activity behavior and BMI.

Analysis: Chi-square tests was utilized to examine associations between variables.

Results: 7.6% had short stature, 27.1% were possibly overweight, 11.2% overweight, and 0.7% were obese. The adolescents from 17-19 years were 3 (95%CI 1. 90, 4. 77) times more likely to smoke tobacco. By sex, men were 1.5 (95%CI 1.02, 2.34), and were 2 (95%CI 1.19, 3.39) times more likely to have smoked e-cigarettes. Those between 17-19 years were 4.5 (95%CI 3.29,6.26) times more likely to have their blood pressure measured, 3.5 (95%CI 2.52,4.94) times their glucose measured, and 2.0 (95%CI 1.39) times their lipids measured. Regarding exercise, 61.1% performed physical activity <30 min/day and 66.5% sat for >2 hours. Men were 1.9 times more likely to engage in physical activity ≥3 times/week (95%CI 1.32, 2.72) and 1.8 times (95%CI 1.11, 2.97) to engage in ≥30 minutes/day; 66.2% reported consuming 1-2 glasses of sugary drinks daily.

Conclusions: We found a high risk of overweight, cardiometabolic risk factors, physical activity, and consumption of sugary drinks and tobacco.

BEHAVIOR OF VARIABLES ASSOCIATED WITH THE CONTROL OF CHRONIC DISEASES IN PATIENTS RECEIVING HEALTH EDUCATION

2025-05-06T16:54:43-06:00

The high prevalence of chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes in Mexico are indicators of the need for action by health
professionals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of variables associated with the control of chronic diseases in patients
receiving health education by comparing them before and after the educational intervention to improve them. The sample consisted
of 11 Mexican outpatients who attended the Polyclinic of Integral Pharmaceutical Care. The patient's educational needs were identified
by means of a semi-structured interview and a test of knowledge about the disease and the treatment, and the degree of adherence to
treatment was determined using the Morisky-Green test. An educational program was designed based on the identified educational
needs, adapted to the age of the patients, with activities based on participatory methods and techniques and taking into account the
theoretical model of personal development and social skills, as well as the transtheoretical model of behavior. Qualitative variables
such as knowledge, attitude and behavior and clinical variables were evaluated before the educational intervention, 6 and 12 months
after the intervention. The results demonstrated that educational interventions based on theoretical models and using participatory
methods and techniques have an impact on therapeutic adherence and control of arterial hypertension, diabetes and bronchial asthma
and can therefore be of great value in the prevention of complications associated with these chronic diseases.

Physical activity during pregnancy: beliefs, benefits, recommendations and contraindications

2025-05-06T16:54:44-06:00

Despite long-held misconceptions, more recent studies have shown that physical activity and physical exercise (PA/ PE) are safe and confer health benefits to mother and offspring. However, several studies have shown that the prescription of physical activity by health care providers is often limited, inaccurate and in some cases absent. In addition, a reduction in PA during pregnancy is often reported, motivated by popular beliefs about the contraindication of its practice, the mother's age, ethnicity, schooling and socioeconomic status. In this regard, the aim of this review is to describe the beliefs, benefits, recommendations and contraindications of PA/EF during pregnancy, to facilitate decision making by antenatal care providers.

Study of movement behaviors for the prevention of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren and adolescents: a narrative review

2025-05-06T16:54:44-06:00

Obesity (OB) is a multicausal disease, in which different components of the environment interact with the individual and can be transmitted intergenerationally, occurring at increasingly younger ages. Despite having different causes, physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviors (SB) and sleep (S), called movement behaviors (MB), are considered as some of the main factors affecting overweight (OW) and OB. International guidelines have published recommendations for these behaviors, in Mexico more than half of the children and adolescents do not comply with the guidelines, which could be contributing to the present epidemic of OW and OB. Therefore, it is important to know how physical inactivity, sedentary behaviors and short sleep duration are not only related to energy expenditure, but also how they affect energy intake, therefore, the aim of this narrative review is to describe the relevance of MB for the prevention of OW and OB in childhood.

Impact of Technology on the Toot Impact of Technology on the Toothbrush

2025-05-06T16:54:44-06:00

Oral health is a fundamental aspect for the general wellbeing of all people, as it directly affects quality of life and overall health. Maintaining good dental hygiene is key to preventing problems such as cavities, gum disease, bad breath and other oral disorders. However, many people do not brush effectively due to a lack of knowledge about proper technique and the tools necessary for complete oral hygiene.

This article aims to explore the different toothbrush options available, focusing especially on how technological advances have enabled the creation of innovative devices that enhance the brushing experience. Through a review of manual toothbrushes, electric toothbrushes and computer-assisted intelligent systems, it seeks to provide a clear view on the most effective tools for maintaining proper dental hygiene.

Aimed at anyone interested in improving their oral health, this article aims to teach how to choose the right toothbrush according to individual needs, in addition to presenting technological solutions that facilitate a correct brushing technique. It will also explore modern tools that, through interaction and learning, transform the dental hygiene process into a more effective and motivating experience, promoting a healthy smile over the years.

The Pathophysiology and treatment in Diabetic Ketoacidosis

2025-05-06T16:54:45-06:00

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the presence of metabolic acidosis with an anion gap elevated, ketonemia or ketonuria, with or without hyperglycemia, in the presence of a previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) or a new diagnosis of DM. In this case, it is caused by relative or absolute insulin deficiency, resulting in ketogenesis, lipolysis, lipotoxicity and metabolic acidosis. There is a large number of articles, reports, books, journals and many other sources of information based on the advances in the treatment and pathophysiology of DM and its decompensation states, mainly diabetic ketoacidosis, but no ideal study has been established to explain all the pathophysiology, the triggers and, of course, the optimal treatment without generating controversy. Therefore, the aim of the present review is to update the pathophysiology and treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis in order to detail and explain in a precise and concise way the pathology and the approach that should be taken. Decompensated DM can have a broad pathophysiology, so ideal treatments must be considered to avoid short- and long-term complications, including ketoacidosis.