Adsorción de Verde Malaquita Utilizando Magnetita: Estudio Cinético y Termodinámico

Daniel de la Peña Aguirre; Elia Martha Múzquiz Ramos; Jorge Carlos Ríos Hurtado; Jesús Alejandro Claudio Rizo; Marisol Gallardo Heredia; Lucía Fabiola Cano Salazar

doi:10.29057/aactm.v12i12.15261

Autores/as

Daniel de la Peña Aguirre Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4722-5878
Elia Martha Múzquiz Ramos Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8626-678X
Jorge Carlos Ríos Hurtado Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2346-4540
Jesús Alejandro Claudio Rizo Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0662-6755
Marisol Gallardo Heredia Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4333-7984
Lucía Fabiola Cano Salazar Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2437-3728

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29057/aactm.v12i12.15261

Palabras clave:

Verde Malaquita, Adsorción, Magnetita, Cinética, Termodinámica

Resumen

El deterioro ambiental por la industrialización y el uso de sustancias químicas ha provocado una grave contaminación del agua, destacando metales pesados, nitratos, microplásticos, residuos industriales y colorantes como los principales contaminantes. La industria textil, por su alto consumo de colorantes, contribuye significativamente a este problema, afectando ecosistemas y salud humana. Entre las tecnologías para mitigar esta situación, la adsorción destaca por su eficiencia y bajo costo. En este contexto, la magnetita (Fe₃O₄), una ferrita con propiedades magnéticas ha mostrado gran potencial como adsorbente. Este trabajo evalúa su capacidad para remover el colorante verde malaquita. A pH neutro, se logró una remoción del 66% (53 ppm) usando 10 mg de magnetita. La cinética se ajustó al modelo de pseudo segundo orden, y las isotermas al modelo de Langmuir, con una capacidad máxima de adsorción de 2 mg/g. Los parámetros termodinámicos obtenidos fueron: ΔH = 119 kJ/mol, ΔS = 21 J/mol·K y ΔG = -16 kJ/mol.

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