Manifestaciones orales por COVID-19
Resumen
El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica es poder identificar las principales manifestaciones orales asociadas a pacientes con SARS-CoV-2, virus responsable de la actual pandemia y asociado con cuadros de enfermedad respiratoria aguda llamada enfermedad por coronavirus de 2019 (COVID-19).
Hasta el momento no se han podido establecer protocolos específicos de atención para los pacientes infectados debido a que las manifestaciones clínicas y bucodentales abundan y cada vez se descubren nuevas, sin embargo, se espera que en poco tiempo se pueda identificar la enfermedad en la cavidad oral de manera eficaz, considerando la importancia del diagnóstico dentro del ámbito odontológico.
Se han encontrado informes sobre lesiones intraorales en personas con COVID-19, siendo la cavidad oral el primer mecanismo de transmisión a través de la saliva, existe evidencia que respalda el papel directo e indirecto del COVID-19 en el desarrollo de lesiones bucales.
Se realizó una búsqueda de literatura publicada en la biblioteca PubMed, Scielo y Google Scholar desde diciembre de 2019 hasta enero de 2023, el principal criterio de inclusión fue la descripción de lesiones orales asociadas a COVID-19, la búsqueda se realizó con el objetivo de recabar la mayor cantidad de datos reportados con respecto a manifestaciones orales por COVID-19. Se recuperaron 47 artículos que describían diferentes tipos de lesiones orales asociadas a COVID-19.
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Wang W, Xu Y, Gao R, Lu R, Han K, Wu G, Tan W. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Different Types of Clinical Specimens. JAMA. 2020; 323(18): 1843–1844. Doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.3786.
La Rosa GRM, Libra M, De Pasquale R, Ferlito S, & Pedullà, E. Association of Viral Infections with Oral Cavity Lesions: Role of SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Front Med (Lausanne). 2021; 7: 571214. Doi: 10.3389/fmed.2020.571214.
Amorim Dos Santos J, Normando, AGC, Carvalho da Silva R L, Acevedo A C, De Luca Canto G, Sugaya N, Santos-Silva AR, & Guerra ENS. Oral Manifestations in Patients with COVID-19: A Living Systematic Review. J Dental Res. 2021; 100(2): 141–154. Doi: 10.1177/0022034520957289.
de Sousa FACG, & Paradella TC. Considerations on oral manifestations of COVID-19. J Med Virol. 2021; 93(2): 667–668. Doi: 10.1002/jmv.26451.
Farid H, Khan M, Jamal S, & Ghafoor R. Oral manifestations of Covid-19-A literature review. Rev Med Virol. 2022; 32(1): e2248. Doi: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.07.001.
Wu YH, Wu YC, Lang MJ, Lee YP, Jin YT, Chiang CP. Review of oral ulcerative lesions in COVID-19 patients: A comprehensive study of 51 cases. J Dent Sci. 2021; 16(4): 1066-1073. Doi: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.07.001.
Drozdzik A, & Drozdzik M. Oral Pathology in COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 Infection-Molecular Aspects. Int J Mol Sci. 2022; 23(3): 1431. Doi: 10.3390/ijms23031431.
Sharma S, & Bhardwaj A. COVID tongue. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2022; 26(5): 498–500. Doi: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_437_21.
Afrisham R, Jadidi Y, Davoudi M, Moayedi K, Soleimanifar O, Eleni Xirouchaki C, Ashtary-Larky D, Seyyedebrahimi S, & Alizadeh S. Gastrointestinal, liver, pancreas, oral and psychological long-term symptoms of COVID-19 after recovery; A review. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2023; 23(7): 852-868. Doi: 10.2174/1389557523666221116154907.
Aslam S, & Ghafoor S. Association of Candida Species with Novel SARS-CoV-2 and Biomarkers for Fungal Premalignant Oral Lesions. J Pak Med Assoc. 2022; 72(9): 1827–1830. Doi: 10.47391/JPMA.4632.
Singh G, Priya H, Mishra D, Kumar H, Monga N, Kumari K. Oral manifestations and dental practice recommendations during COVID-19 pandemic. J Family Med Prim Care. 2021; 10(1): 102-109. Doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1605_20.
Aly NM, Elwan AH, Elzayet RM, Hassanato NMR, Deif M, Abdelaziz WE, & El Tantawi M. Association between COVID-19 stress, coping mechanisms and stress-related oral conditions among Egyptian adults: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep. 2022; 12(1): 18062. Doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-22961-z.
Rosa DE, & Sufiawati I. Case Series of HIV-Associated Oral Lesions Among Antiretroviral-Naive Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic Int Med Case Rep J. 2023; 16: 73–82. Doi: 10.2147/IMCRJ.S398736.
Pedrosa MS, Sipert CR, & Nogueira FN. Salivary glands, saliva and oral findings in COVID-19 infection. Pesqui. Bras. Odontopediatria Clin. Integr. 2020; 20(Supl. 1): e0104. Doi.org/10.1590/pboci.2020.112.
Imai K, & Tanaka H. SARS-CoV-2. Infection and Significance of Oral Health Management in the Era of "the New Normal with COVID-19". Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021; 22(12): 6527. Doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126527.
Carmagnola D, Toma M, Henin D, Perrotta M, Gianolio L, Colombo A, & Dellavia C. Dental Emergencies in an Italian Pediatric Hospital during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare (Basel). 2022; 10(3): 537. Doi: 10.3390/healthcare10030537.
Baima G, Marruganti C, Sanz M, Aimetti M, Romandini M. Periodontitis and COVID-19: Biological Mechanisms and Meta-analyses of Epidemiological Evidence. J Dent Res. 2022; 101(12): 1430-1440. Doi: 10.1177/00220345221104725.
Okui T, Matsuda Y, Karino M, Hideshima K, Kanno T. Oral mucosa could be an infectious target of SARS-CoV-2. Healthcare (Basel). 2021; 9(8): 1068. Doi: 10.3390/healthcare9081068.
González-Ramos L, Borrego-Cordero G, & Álvarez-Reinoso S. Vasculitis agudas, enfermedad de Kawasaki y COVID-19. Rev Ciencias Médicas [Internet]. 2022 [consultado 5 enero 2023] Oct; 26(5): e5551. http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S156131942022000500020&lng=es.
Pupo LVL, Fuentes LH, Pupo LVL, & Cristo AY. Manifestaciones bucomaxilofaciales de la COVID-19. Revista Científica Estudiantil de Ciencias Médicas de Matanzas [Internet]. 2022 [citado 5 enero 2023]; 1(2). https://revmedest.sld.cu/index.php/medest/article/view/77.
Amorim Dos Santos J, Normando AGC, Carvalho da Silva RL, Acevedo AC, De Luca Canto G, Sugaya N, Santos-Silva AR, Guerra ENS. Oral manifestations in patients with COVID-19: a living systematic review. J Dent Res. 2021; 100(2): 141-154. Doi: 10.1177/0022034520957289.
Villarroel-Dorrego M, Chacón L, Rosas R, Barrios V, Pernía Y & Vélez H. Hallazgos bucales en pacientes COVID-19, Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2022; 113 (2): 183-186. Doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2021.08.007.
Moser, D., Biere, K., Han, B., Hoerl, M., Schelling, G., Choukér, A., & Woehrle, T. COVID-19 Impairs Immune Response to Candida albicans. Front Immunol. 2021; 12, 640644. Doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.640644.
Erbaş, G. S., Botsali, A., Erden, N., Arı, C., Taşkın, B., Alper, S., & Vural, S. COVID-19-related oral mucosa lesions among confirmed SARS-CoV-2 patients: a systematic review. Int J Dermatol. 2022; 61(1): 20–32. Doi: 10.1111/ijd.15889.
Marzano, A. V., Cassano, N., Moltrasio, C., Verdoni, L., Genovese, G., & Vena, G. A. Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated with COVID-19: A Review with an Emphasis on Mucocutaneous and Kawasaki Disease-Like Findings. Dermatology. 2022; 238(1): 35–43. Doi: 10.1159/000515449.
Elouardi, Y., Rebahi, H., Zarrouki, Y., Ziadi, A., Younous, S., & Samkaoui, M. A. COVID-19 associated Kawasaki-like multisystem inflammatory syndrome in an adult. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim (Engl Ed). 2022; 69(1): 43–47. Doi: 10.1016/j.redare.2020.11.009.
Magboul, S., Khalil, A., Hassan, M., Habra, B., Alshami, A., Khan, S., Ellithy, K., Ali, H., AlHothi, A., AlMaslamani, E., AlAmri, M., De Sanctis, V., & Soliman, A. T. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) related to COVID-19 infection in the state of Qatar: Association with Kawasaki-like Illness. Acta Biomed. 2022; 92(6): e2021543. Doi: 10.23750/abm.v92i6.11991.
Campeanu, A. T., Dumea, E., Rus, M., Fodor, C., Ionescu, A. C., Mocanu, E., Botnarciuc, M., & Dumitru, I. M. A Rare Case of Plasmablastic Lymphoma in a Patient with HIV and SARS-CoV-2 Infections. Curr Oncol. 2022; 29(3): 1537–1543. Doi: 10.3390/curroncol29030129.
Patel, J., & Woolley, J. Necrotizing periodontal disease: Oral manifestation of COVID-19. Oral Dis. 2021; 27 (Suppl 3): 768–769. Doi: 10.1111/odi.13462.
Drozdzik A. Covid-19 and SARS-CoV-2 infection in periodontology: A narrative review. J Periodontal Res. 2022; 57(5): 933–941. Doi: 10.1111/jre.13034.
Reis VP, Bezerra AR, Maia ABP, Marques LC, & Conde DC. An integrative review of oral manifestations in patients with COVID-19: signs directly related to SARS-CoV-2 infection or secondary findings?. Int J Dermatol. 2022; 61(3): 278–290. Doi: 10.1111/ijd.15881.
Eduardo FP, Bezinelli LM, Gobbi M F, Bergamin L. G, de Carvalho DLC, & Corrêa L. Oral lesions and saliva alterations of COVID-19 patients in an intensive care unit: A retrospective study. Spec Care Dentist. 2022; 42(5): 494–502. Doi: 10.1111/scd.12705.
Gutierrez-Camacho JR, Avila-Carrasco L, Martinez-Vazquez MC, Garza-Veloz I, Zorrilla-Alfaro SM, Gutierrez-Camacho V, & Martinez-Fierro ML. Oral Lesions Associated with COVID-19 and the Participation of the Buccal Cavity as a Key Player for Establishment of Immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19(18): 11383. Doi: 10.3390/ijerph191811383.
Elamrousy WAH, Nassar M, & Issa DR. Prevalence of Oral Lesions in COVID-19 Egyptian Patients. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2021; 11(6): 712–720. Doi: 10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_221_21.
Santana LADM, Vieira WA, Gonçalo RIC, Lima Dos Santos MA, Takeshita WM, & Miguita L. Oral mucosa lesions in confirmed and non-vaccinated cases for COVID-19: A systematic review. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2022; 123(5): e241–e250. Doi: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.05.005.
Nejabi MB, Noor NAS, Raufi N, Essar MY, Ehsan E, Shah J, Shah A, & Nemat A. Tongue ulcer in a patient with COVID-19: a case presentation. BMC oral health. 2021; 21(1): 273. Doi: 10.1186/s12903-021-01635-8.
Guerrero Bernal CG, Reyes Uribe E, Salazar Flores J, Varela Hernández JJ, Gómez-Sandoval JR, Martínez Salazar SY, Gutiérrez Maldonado AF, Aguilar Martínez J, & Lomelí Martínez SM. Oral Antiseptics against SARS-CoV-2: A Literature Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022. 19(14): 8768. Doi: 10.3390/ijerph19148768.
Chen MH, & Chang PC. The effectiveness of mouthwash against SARS-CoV-2 infection: A review of scientific and clinical evidence. J Formos Med Assoc. 2022; 121(5): 879–885. Doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.10.001.
Vergara-Buenaventura A, & Castro-Ruiz C. Use of mouthwashes against COVID-19 in dentistry. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020; 58(8): 924–927. Doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.08.016.
Kaliavaradan S, Bhat PS, Rajagopal M, Vinayagamoorthy V, Vimal M, Janakiraman S, Muruganidhi N, Srinivasane KR, Jaswanthkumar J, & Ilamparithi J. Course of Hyposmia and Hypogeusia and their Relationship with Severity of COVID-19 Disease among Indian Population. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2022; 74(Suppl 2): 3078–3084. doi: 10.1007/s12070-021-02708-4.
Mahboubi Mehrabani M, Karvandi MS, Maafi P, & Doroudian M. Neurological complications associated with Covid-19; molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approaches. Rev Med Virol. 2022; 32(6): e2334. Doi: 10.1002/rmv.2334.
Elvan-Tuz A, Karadag-Oncel E, Kiran S, Kanik-Yuksek S, Gulhan B, Hacimustafaoglu M, Ozdem-Alatas S, Kuyucu N, Ozdemir H, Egil O, Elmas-Bozdemir S, Polat M, Bursal-Duramaz B, Cem E, Apaydin G, Teksam O. Prevalence of Anosmia in 10.157 Pediatric COVID-19 Cases: Multicenter Study from Turkey. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2022; 41(6), 473–477. Doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003526.
Klimek L, Hagemann J, Döge J, Freudelsperger L, Cuevas M, Klimek F, Hummel T. Olfactory and gustatory disorders in COVID-19. Allergo J Int. 2022; 31(7):243-250. Doi: 10.1007/s40629-022-00216-7.
Zhang QY, Xu BW, & Du JB. Similarities and differences between multiple inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID-19 and Kawasaki disease: clinical presentations, diagnosis, and treatment. World J Pediatr. 2021; 17(4): 335–340. Doi: 10.1007/s12519-021-00435-y.
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Derechos de autor 2023 Alelí J. Izquierdo-Vega, Jeannett A. Izquierdo-Vega , Manuel Sánchez-Gutiérrez
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObrasDerivadas 4.0.
