Ácidos grasos omega-3 en la prevención y tratamiento de la aterosclerosis

Maria patricia Avila cruz; Alejandra Hernández Ceruelos; Ernesto Alanís García; Trinidad Lorena Fernández Cortés

doi:10.29057/icsa.v14i28.16301

Autores/as

Maria patricia Avila cruz Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0017-5945
Alejandra Hernández Ceruelos Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4065-4589
Ernesto Alanís García Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1540-4908
Trinidad Lorena Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1639-8733

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29057/icsa.v14i28.16301

Palabras clave:

Fuentes de omega-3, aterosclerosis, EPA, DHA, ALA, placa aterosclerótica

Resumen

La aterosclerosis es una condición de carácter inflamatorio crónica, se manifiesta por la acumulación de lípidos como el colesterol LDL dentro de la pared arterial, desarrollando una placa ateroesclerótica lo que conlleva al aumento de algún riesgo de evento cardiovascular, entre los factores que influyen en su desarrollo se encuentra la disfunción endotelial, el estrés oxidativo y una dieta inadecuada. Diversos estudios han demostrado que los ácidos grasos omega-3, especialmente el EPA y DHA, encontrados en pescados grasos y aceites marinos, tienden a ejercer efectos cardioprotectores mediante diferentes mecanismos como antiinflamatorios y antitrombóticos, mejorando la función endotelial por lo que al incorporar estos ácidos grasos en la membrana celular permite la producción de mediadores lipídicos que contribuyen a la resolución de la inflamación. Hasta el momento la evidencia científica respalda el uso de los omega-3 como parte de una estrategia eficaz para prevenir y ralentizar el desarrollo de la aterosclerosis con el propósito de reducir el riesgo cardiovascular.

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