Resistencia de unión al cizallamiento de un adhesivo experimental conteniendo extracto de semilla de uva a esmalte humano post-blanqueado
Resumen
Introducción: El blanqueamiento dental disminuye la resistencia de unión de las restauraciones adheridas debido a la presencia de radicales libres de oxígeno que interfieren con la penetración y polimerización de los sistemas resinosos. El uso de antioxidantes permite consumir estos radicales y posibilita la realización de restauraciones inmediatamente luego del blanqueamiento. Objetivos: Evaluar el efecto de la incorporación de ascorbato de sodio y extracto de semillas de uva al primer de un sistema adhesivo experimental autoacondicionante de dos pasos, en la resistencia de unión inmediata a esmalte humano blanqueado. Materiales y métodos: Se utilizaron 42 terceros molares de los que se obtuvieron 84 especímenes que se dividieron aleatoriamente en 2 grupos: la mitad de los especímenes no fue blanqueado, mientras que la otra mitad fue sometida a un procedimiento de blanqueamiento con peróxido de carbamida al 45% durante 30 minutos. Posteriormente, los especímenes fueron subdivididos en 3 grupos dependiendo del sistema adhesivo con el que fueron restaurados: adhesivo sin antioxidante, con ascorbato de sodio al 15%, y con extracto de semillas de uva al 10%. Se confeccionaron cilindros de resina compuesta que fueron sometidos a un ensayo de resistencia de unión al microcizallamiento. Análisis estadístico: Se utilizó el programa SigmaPlot 12.0. Se realizó una prueba de ANOVA de dos vías para evaluar el efecto de las variables independientes en la RUM. Se utilizó un nivel de significancia de α = 0.05. Resultados: Los grupos con mayores valores de resistencia de unión al microcizallamiento fueron: no blanqueado sin antioxidante, no blanqueado con extracto de semillas de uva y blanqueado sin antioxidante, sin diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre ellos. Los grupos en los que se utilizó el adhesivo con ascorbato, tanto el que recibió blanqueamiento como el que no fue blanqueado, mostraron los valores más bajos de resistencia de unión al microcizallamiento. Ninguno de los antioxidantes mejoró la resistencia de unión al microcizallamiento (p < 0.05). Conclusión: La incorporación de extracto de semillas de uva al adhesivo no afecta negativamente la resistencia de unión al microcizallamiento. Sin embargo, no es capaz de mejorar la adhesión luego del blanqueamiento.
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