Implicaciones en la salud de los B-glucanos de cebada
Resumen
El grano de cebada es una importante fuente de β-glucanos, el cual es un polisacárido que forma parte de la fibra dietética (FD) soluble. La fibra soluble tiene mejores propiedades de hidratación, al igual que la fermentación y la producción de ácidos grasos de cadena corta (AGCC). Los β-glucanos proporcionan numerosos beneficios a la salud humana. La presente revisión tiene como objetivo analizar la evidencia actual e informar sobre las modificaciones que sufre durante el consumo, su adición y propiedades funcionales de los β-glucanos de cebada, permitiendo obtener los beneficios a la salud (hipolipidémico, hipoglucémico e hipocolesterolémico). De acuerdo con la revisión, se ha encontrado que contribuyen a disminuir el colesterol total y el cLDL, a prevenir la grasa visceral y el riesgo de enfermedad diverticular, así mismo provocan retraso en el vaciamiento gástrico y atenuación de la velocidad de absorción de la glucosa en el intestino delgado. Además, pueden colaborar a aliviar lesiones gástricas y participar en la actividad anticancerosa y el carcinoma de pulmón; también, su aplicación tópica mejora la cicatrización de úlceras diabéticas y venosas. La evidencia de los estudios recientes demuestra consistentemente que el consumo de β-glucanos se asocia con múltiples beneficios, desde la disminución de la absorción de macronutrientes, hasta la cicatrización de heridas. Esto destaca aún más la importancia de su consumo y utilización.
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