Main effects of the use of pacifiers at the dental level
Abstract
Introduction: Pacifier use is a non-nutritive sucking habit that has become a predisposing factor for dental malocclusions and other dental disorders, as well as contributing to poor oral hygiene. Development: Its use helps to fall asleep, reduces stress and pain, situations that cause concern and anxiety in parents. Many professionals think that they are harmless and even beneficial and necessary for the development of the infant. Their use is recommended or discouraged based on personal experience and not always on scientific evidence. It has been linked to breastfeeding difficulties, increased frequency of otitis media, and dental problems. Recent studies link its use, particularly during sleep, with a decreased risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), although the mechanism of action still unknown, but the greatest protective effect is achieved by using it in all periods of sleep. Conclusion: Most of the authors agree that it should not interfere with breastfeeding and it is advisable to introduce it once it is well established. The authors mention that its prolonged use can cause side effects such as anterior open bite, posterior crossbite, ear infection, candidiasis, dental crowding, and caries.
Downloads
References
Schmid KM, Kugler R, Nalabothu P, Bosch C & Verna C. The effect of pacifier sucking on orofacial structures: a systematic literature review. Progress in Orthodontics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg [Internet]. 2018; 19: 31-34. DOI: 10.1186/s40510-018-0206-4
Caruso S, Nota A, Darvizeh A, Severino M, Gatto R & Tecco S. Poor oral habits and malocclusions after usage of orthodontic pacifiers: An observational study on 3-5 years old children. BMC Pediatr [Internet]. 2019; 19: 22. DOI: 10.1186/s12887-019-1668-3.
Rai A, Koirala B, Dali M, Shrestha S, Shrestha A & Niraula SR. Prevalence of Oral Habits and its Association with Malocclusion in Primary Dentition among School Going Children of Nepal. J Clin Pediatr Dent. [Internet]. 2022; 46(1): 44–50. https://doi.org/10.17796/1053-4625-46.1.8
Herrero Y & Arias Molina Y. Hábitos bucales deformantes y su relación etiológica con las maloclusiones. Multimed [Internet]. 2019; 23(3): 580-591. http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1028-48182019000300580&lng=es.
Mayo Clinic. Síndrome de Muerte Súbita del Lactante (SMSL) [Internet]. Mayo Clinic; 19 Jul 2022. Disponible en: https://www.mayoclinic.org/es/diseases-conditions/sudden-infant-death-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20352800#:~:text=Descripci%C3%B3n%20general,beb%C3%A9s%20mueren%20en%20sus%20cunas.
Batista CLC, Ribeiro VS, Nascimento M do DSB & Rodrigues VP. Association between pacifier use and bottle-feeding and unfavorable behaviors during breastfeeding. J Pediatr. [Internet]. 2018; 94(6):596–601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2017.10.005
Stecksén-Blicks C, Granström E, Silfverdal SA & West CE. Prevalence of oral Candida in the first year of life. Mycoses. [Internet]. 2018; 58(9): 550-6. doi: 10.1111/myc.12355.
Félix S & Ríos MS. Principios Básicos de Odontología para el Pediatra. Cariology [Internet]. 2016; 2: 89-97. http://www.scielo.org.bo/pdf/rbp/v55n1/v55n1_a10.pdf
Pegoraro N, Santos CM, Colvara BC, Rech RS, Faustino-Silva DD & Hugo F. Prevalence of malocclusion in early childhood and its associated factors in a primary care service in Brazil. Codas. [Internet]. 2021; 34(2): doi: 10.1590/2317-1782/20212021007
Traebert E, Zanini FA, Nunes RD & Traebert J. Nutritional and non-nutritional habits and occurrence of malocclusions in the mixed dentition. An Acad Bras Cienc [Internet]. 2020; 92(1). DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020190833
De Deus VF, Gomes E, Da Silva FC & Giugliani ERJ. Influence of pacifier use on the association between duration of breastfeeding and anterior open bite in primary dentition. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth [Internet]. 2020; 20(1). https://bmcpregnancychildbirth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12884-020-03054-z
Ling HTB, Sum FHKMH, Zhang L, Yeung CPW, Li KY & Wong HM. The association between nutritive, non-nutritive sucking habits and primary dental occlusion. BMC Oral Health [Internet]. 2018; 18(1). http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1028-48182019000300580
Miranda Salguero ÁE & Sánchez Valverde A. Corrección de una mordida abierta anterior esquelética mediante miniimplantes y un bite block modificado. RMO [Internet]. 2017; 5(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmo.2017.06.007
Romero CC, Scavone-Junior H, Garib DG, Cotrim-Ferreira FA & Ferreira RI. Breastfeeding and non-nutritive sucking patterns related to the prevalence of anterior open bite in primary dentition. J Appl Oral Sci. [Internet]. 2011; 19(2): 161-8. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-77572011000200013
Del Piñal Luna I, Molinero P, Torres L & Bartolomé B. Tratamiento precoz de la mordida cruzada posterior unilateral en el paciente infantil. Cient. Dent. [Internet]. 2015; 13(1):41-48. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=5504282
da Costa CT, Shqair AQ, Azevedo MS, Goettems ML, Bonow MLM & Romano AR. Pacifier use modifies the association between breastfeeding and malocclusion: a cross-sectional study. Braz Oral Res [Internet]. 2018; 32:1–7. DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0101
Milanesi J de M, Berwig LC, Marquezan M, Schuch LH, Moraes AB & Silva AMT. Variables associated with mouth breathing diagnosis in children based on a multidisciplinary assessment. Codas [Internet]. 2018; 30(4). DOI: 10.1590/2317-1782/20182017071
Copyright (c) 2023 Daniela A. Díaz-Lobato, Atziri M. González-Herrera, Vania Flores-Hernández, Erika M. Olmos-Ávila, Ana J. Monjarás-Ávila, Carmen Balderas-Delgadillo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
