Propiedades nutraceúticas del maíz (Zea mays L.) e implicaciones de su consumo en personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2).

GÉNESIS KARENDASH GONZÁLEZ QUIJANO; Ciro Barush Muñoz-Llandes; Fabian Ricardo Gómez de Anda; Fabiola Araceli Guzmán-Ortiz

Autores/as

GÉNESIS KARENDASH GONZÁLEZ QUIJANO National Institute of Genomic Medicine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6708-5219
Ciro Barush Muñoz-Llandes Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5448-6577
Fabian Ricardo Gómez de Anda Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6314-099X
Fabiola Araceli Guzmán-Ortiz Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1333-3624

Palabras clave:

Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, maíz, nutracéuticos, salud, compuestos bioactivos, Zea mays L

Resumen

El maíz (Zea mays L.) posee importantes propiedades nutracéuticas que pueden tener implicaciones positivas en la salud, especialmente en personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Es un alimento rico en carbohidratos complejos, principalmente almidón y contiene cantidades moderadas de proteínas y lípidos. Además, es una fuente importante de fibra dietética, vitaminas (como la vitamina B y E) y minerales (como el magnesio, zinc, hierro y fósforo). El maíz contiene una variedad de fitoquímicos, incluyendo compuestos fenólicos, flavonoides y carotenoides, que tienen propiedades antioxidantes los cuales ayudan a combatir el estrés oxidativo. La fibra del maíz contribuye a la salud digestiva y puede ayudar a mantener niveles estables de glucosa en sangre al ralentizar la absorción de azúcares. El aceite de maíz es una fuente de ácidos grasos esenciales, incluyendo omega-3 y omega-6, que son benéficos para la salud cardiovascular y con un adecuado equilibrio de estos ácidos grasos puede reducir la inflamación y mejorar la salud metabólica. Algunas variedades como el maíz morado son ricas en antocianinas que también tienen propiedades antioxidantes y antiinflamatorias. Sin embargo, los productos de maíz altamente procesados, como las palomitas de maíz o cereales azucarados, pueden tener un índice glicémico (IG) alto por lo que deben consumirse con precaución.

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