Materiales reciclados, subproductos industriales y nanomateriales en concretos sustentables

Diego Naim Cardoso Quiroz; Valeria Volpi León; Abraham Leonel López León; Luis Daimir López León

Autores/as

Diego Naim Cardoso Quiroz Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4145-4825
Valeria Volpi León Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8536-875X
Abraham Leonel López León Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4856-2160
Luis Daimir López León Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5871-7707

Palabras clave:

concreto sustentable, agregados reciclados, materiales cementantes suplementarios, nanomateriales, economía circular

Resumen

El concreto sustentable representa una alternativa viable para reducir el impacto ambiental asociado a la producción de cemento Portland y al consumo de recursos naturales. Esta revisión analiza el efecto de materiales reciclados, subproductos industriales, residuos agrícolas y nanomateriales sobre las propiedades mecánicas, la durabilidad y la sostenibilidad del concreto. Los agregados reciclados disminuyen la extracción de recursos, aunque pueden afectar la resistencia y la durabilidad debido a su mayor porosidad y debilidad en la zona de transición interfacial. Los materiales cementantes suplementarios y los nanomateriales compensan estas deficiencias mediante el refinamiento microestructural y la densificación de la matriz cementante. Asimismo, tecnologías emergentes como la carbonatación acelerada y los sistemas híbridos muestran un alto potencial para reducir emisiones de CO₂ y mejorar el desempeño global. No obstante, persisten desafíos relacionados con la variabilidad de los residuos, la estandarización y la validación a largo plazo en aplicaciones estructurales.

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