Medición de humedad en suelos, revisión de métodos y características
Resumen
El agua es un recurso prioritario de estudio en varias ramas de la ciencia, incrementado por las dinámicas sociales. Es un factor determinante en la fertilidad del suelo, afectando el desarrollo de los cultivos, su disponibilidad da sustento a los procesos biológicos; también ayuda a regular la temperatura del suelo. En la actualidad se busca monitorear la cantidad de agua disponible, para optimizar su uso y controlar las propiedades del suelo. En el presente trabajo se hace una revisión de las propiedades eléctricas del suelo a partir del uso de diferentes métodos e instrumentos para la medición de la humedad. Los instrumentos para medición de humedad basados en propiedades eléctricas son fácilmente adaptables para ser automatizados y operados en forma remota. Este tipo de instrumentos, aunque requieren de mantenimiento y calibración, poseen buena precisión y un corto tiempo de muestreo, lo que da factibilidad a su aplicación a las ciencias agrícolas en particular para su uso en zonas de difícil acceso.
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