Sondas fluorescentes, una revisión general: propiedades, diseño y aplicaciones
Resumen
Las sondas fluorescentes son compuestos químicos que presentan el fenómeno óptico de fluorescencia y son utilizados en la detección cualitativa y/o cuantitativa de una gran variedad de analitos. En consecuencia, se han convertido en una herramienta eficiente para la obtención de información dinámica sobre la localización y cuantificación de moléculas de interés. En este artículo, se describen conceptos generales alrededor de las sondas fluorescentes: historia, propiedades químicas y físicas, equipos de detección, características estructurales para el diseño y síntesis, mecanismos de acción frente a los analitos y algunas aplicaciones en el área de polímeros (elucidación de mecanismos, determinación de cinética, observación de cambios de morfología, etc.), en la obtención de imagen de tejidos y/o células en tiempo real en el área médico-biológica y en la detección de especies químicas potencialmente tóxicos, relacionados con la contaminación del medio ambiente
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