Análisis de la marcha humana basada en reconocimiento automático: Una revisión
Resumen
El análisis de la marcha es una de las áreas de investigación más importantes y desafiantes en entornos clínicos y de computación. La biomecánica de la marcha y el reconocimiento humano de la marcha son dos áreas prinicpales de interés. Las alteraciones en la marcha pueden causar problemas de salud física y mental en las personas, por lo que los diagnósticos y tratamientos derivados del análisis de la marcha óptima son de gran utilidad en el ámbito clínico. Este documento examina los métodos, las aplicaciones y las plataformas de análisis de la marcha, la biomecánica de la marcha, así como los enfoques y conjuntos de datos de reconocimiento de la marcha. Luego, describimos las contribuciones en la cinemática de la marcha hacia adelante, útiles para evaluar marchas como agachado y normal. Además, se describe un marco para el reconocimiento de la marcha antiálgica basado en la actividad humana, utilizando el giroscopio integrado en un teléfono inteligente. Se utilizaron diferentes algoritmos y métricas para realizar el reconocimiento de la marcha, destacando Support Vector Machines, Naive Bayes, k-Nearest Neighbours y Accuracy y F-measure, respectivamente. Finalmente, discutimos los desafíos y las perspectivas futuras en el reconocimiento de la marcha.
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