Effect of temperature on the efficiency of photovoltaic panels Effect of temperature
Abstract
Cooling the operating surface is a key operational factor to take into account to achieve greater efficiency when operating solar photovoltaic systems. Adequate cooling can improve electrical efficiency and reduce the rate of cell degradation over time, resulting in maximizing the useful life of photovoltaic modules. The excess heat removed by the cooling system can be used in domestic, commercial or industrial applications. This article presents a review of the efficiency behavior of cells made of different materials with respect to temperature, several methods are presented that can be used to minimize the negative impacts of elevated temperature, while attempting to improve the efficiency of the panels. solar photovoltaics that operate above the temperature recommended in the Standard Test Conditions (STC). Different cooling technologies are reviewed, namely: Floating Tracked Concentrated Cooling System (FTCC); Hybrid solar photovoltaic/thermal system cooled by water spray; Hybrid solar photovoltaic/thermal system with PVT/TE cells cooled by heat sink; Hybrid solar photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system cooled by forced water circulation; Improving the performance of solar panels through the use of phase change materials (PCM); Solar panel with water immersion cooling technique; Photovoltaic solar panel cooled by transparent coating (photonic crystal cooling); Hybrid solar photovoltaic/thermal system cooled by forced air circulation and Solar panel with thermoelectric cooling. Various research articles are reviewed and classified according to their focus, contribution, and type of technology used to achieve cooling of photovoltaic panels. The discussion of the results has been carried out based on the advantages, disadvantages, areas of application and the techno-economic nature of each technology reviewed.
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