Remoción de contaminantes presentes en lixiviados de relleno sanitario mediante ozono-ultrasonido y biocarbón de olote de maíz
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29057/estr.v14iEspecial.18619Palabras clave:
Lixiviados, bicarbón, olote de maíz, adsorciónResumen
Este estudio evalúa un sistema de tratamiento secuencial para un lixiviado de relleno sanitario, combinando un pretratamiento de oxidación avanzada mediante ozonación y ultrasonido (O₃/US) con una etapa de adsorción utilizando biocarbón derivado de olote de maíz. Ante la baja biodegradabilidad (DBO5/DQO=0.07) y alta carga orgánica (13,880.71 ± 65.06 mg L⁻¹ DQO) del lixiviado crudo, el proceso oxidativo a pH 3 logró una remoción del 42% de DQO con una reducción del 71% en la toxicidad. Posteriormente, el biocarbón de olote, caracterizado por un contenido de carbono del 84 % y propiedades texturales favorables para la adsorción, alcanzó una capacidad de adsorción de 231.04 mg g⁻¹ para el parámetro de DQO. La aplicación de biocarbón como adsorbente, permitió alcanzar una remoción final de DQO del 96% (321.6 ± 47.71 mg L-1) y una disminución adicional de la toxicidad del 78% (3 UT, 35. 5 CE50-15min). Esta estrategia integrada representa una alternativa técnica y económicamente viable para la gestión sostenible de lixiviados complejos en México.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Ulises D. Rodríguez Díaz, Edson B. Estrada Arriaga, Karen Y. Bahena Rabadan, Naveen Kumar Reddy Bogireddy, Vanessa Jaimes Lugo, Liliana García Sánchez
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
