Eficacia de la espironolactona en el tratamiento del acné vulgar. Una revisión sistemática
Resumen
Objetivo: Analizar la eficacia de la terapia con espironolactona en el tratamiento del acné vulgar reportada desde 1980 hasta Marzo del 2021. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda en las siguientes bases de datos: Scopus, PubMed, Embase, Science direct, Cochrane Library y Google Scholar, se seleccionaron aquellos artículos que reportaron el seguimiento de pacientes con Acné Vulgaris tratados con espironolactona. Tres revisores evaluaron la calidad metodológica mediante la “Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool” (MMAT), versión 2018. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 15 artículos con tratamientos acompañantes, comparativos o ambos y cinco artículos con monoterapia de espironolactona que no se complementaban ni comparaban. Se reportó una eficacia variable en los 20 artículos que fueron seleccionados. Las cinco reacciones adversas con mayor frecuencia en los estudios analizados fueron: alteraciones menstruales, hiperkalemia, pigmentación localizada en el sitio del tratamiento, mareos y fatiga. Conclusiones: Considerar que aún con la diversidad de tipos de estudios, se reporta un gran porcentaje de disminución del acné, por lo tanto, las evidencias indican que el tratamiento podría ser eficaz bajo condiciones controladas.
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