Pasteurella multocida: patógeno de importancia veterinaria

Carlos I. Chávez-Flores; Gerardo A. Ramírez-Paz-y-Puente; Candelario Vázquez-Cruz; Erasmo Negrete-Abascal

doi:10.29057/icap.v13iEspecial.16907

Autores/as

Carlos I. Chávez-Flores Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala UNAM https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0816-0519
Gerardo A. Ramírez-Paz-y-Puente Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala UNAM https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2331-5788
Candelario Vázquez-Cruz Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9105-5669
Erasmo Negrete-Abascal Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala UNAM https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4362-8044

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29057/icap.v13iEspecial.16907

Palabras clave:

Pasteurella multocida, patógeno, factores de virulencia, quorum sensing

Resumen

Pasteurella multocida es un cocobacilo gramnegativo, de importancia veterinaria, que afecta a mamíferos y aves, causando grandes pérdidas económicas e infecciones zoonóticas. Su potencial patogénico se asocia con factores de virulencia, por ejemplo, con la cápsula, que le permite evadir la fagocitosis, y al lipopolisacárido, que induce inflamación. Estas bacterias también pueden producir adhesinas, fimbrias, toxinas, sialidasas, proteasas y sistemas de captación de hierro que facilitan la colonización y provocan daño tisular. Las microvesículas de membrana externa transportan factores de virulencia, y las biopelículas, reguladas por quorum sensing (LuxS/AI-2), promueven infecciones crónicas. La respuesta inmune del hospedero puede ser evadida por mimetismo molecular y producción de biopelículas. Los reguladores QseBC y Fis controlan la expresión de genes de virulencia y posiblemente la formación de biopelículas, por ello son candidatos a blancos terapéuticos. Para controlar la pasteurelosis se han usado bacterinas, vacunas atenuadas (mutantes ΔqseC y Δfis) e inhibidores de quorum sensing; sin embargo, es necesario continuar investigando para aumentar las posibilidades de contener estas infecciones.

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