Window process of an austempered ductile iron with alloying carburizers

Keywords: Austempered ductile iron, high carbon austenite, austempering, ferrite, ausferrite

Abstract

In this work, we did different austempering´s heat treatments in a ductile iron alloyed with 0.45% Cr and 0.2% V to determinate the window process. The ductile iron was treated in a temperature of 900°C in 60 minutes; after that it moved to another oven with times between 15 to 90 minutes and a temperature of 285°C. In this heat treatment we get two known phases called acicular ferrite and austenite with a major part of carbon. The last phase is analyzed using X-rays´s diffraction in the samples treated in different times. Austenite´s major value was obtained in 60 minutes with a percentage of 35%; meanwhile the minor value was obtained in 15 minutes with 21.7%. Additionally, the samples were evaluated in hardness test. The hardness ´highest value was obtained in 30 minutes (59.9 HRC) and the lowest value was obtained in 90 minutes (53.9 HRC). According with the test was determinate the window process between 60 and 90 minutes.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abioye, A.A., Atanda, P.O., Abioye, O.P., Afolalu, S.A., Dirisu, J.O., (2017). Microstructural characterization and some mechanical behavior of low manganese austempered ferritic ductile iron. International journal of applied engineering research volume 12, 14435-14441.

Ahmadabadi, M.N., Ghasemi, H.M., Osia, M., (1999). Effects of successive austempering on the tribological behavior of ductile cast iron. Wear, 293-300.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(99)00163-5.

Alagarsamy, A., (2014). Cast irons. American Foundrymen´s Society, 489-581.

ASM Handbook committee, (1990). ASM Handbook volume 1 properties and selection: irons steels and high performance alloys. ASM International. Alabama, Estados Unidos.

ASTM, anual book of ASTM Standards, p.126, ASTM, (2019).

Cemal, M., Bayram, A., Isik, B., (2005). The effects of austempering temperature and time onto the machinability of austempered ductile iron. Materials Science and Engineering, 147-153.

DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2005.07.005

Colin, E., Cruz, A., Reyes, G., Téllez, J., Magaña, A. (2021). Microstructural and Mechanical Assessment of Camshafts Produced by Ductile Cast Iron Low Alloyed with Vanadium. Metals 2021, 11(1):146 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/met1101014.

Dawson, J.V., Sage, A.M., (1989). High strength cast irons containing vanadium annealed ductile irons and high carbon gray irons. The foundryman, 479-489.

Gazda, A., (2010). Analysis of decomposition processes of ausferrite in copper-nickel austempered ductile iron. J. Therm. Anal. Calorim 102, 923–930.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-010-0804-y

Hayrynen, K.L., (2002). The production of austempered ductile iron (ADI). In world conference on ADI, 57-65.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2014.12.038

Hernández-Rivera, J.L., Campos Cambranis, R.E., De la Garza, A., (2011). Study of microstructural evolution and mechanical properties exhibited by non alloyed ductile iron during conventional and stepped austempering heat treatment. Materials & Design, 4756-4762.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2011.06.030

Laino, S., Sikora, J.A., Dommarco, R.C., (2008). Development of wear resistant carbidic austempered ductile iron. Wear 265, 1–7.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2007.08.013

Miller, R.L., (1964). A rapid method for the determination of retained austenite. Trans. ASM 57, 892–899.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11041-019-00417-y

Nasir, T., Northwood, D. O., Han, J., Zou, Q., Barber, G., Sun, X., Seaton, P., (2011). Heat treatment - microstructure - mechanical/tribological property relationships in austempered ductile iron. WIT Transactions of Engineering Science, Vol 71, 159-170.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/SECM110141

Pereloma, E.V., Anderson, C.S., (2006). Microstructure and properties of austempered ductile iron subjected to single and two step processing. Mater. Sci. Technol 22, 1112–1118.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174328406X114216

Prasad, R.P., Putatunda, S.K., (2003). Investigations on the fracture toughness of austempered ductile irons austenitized at different temperatures. Mat. Sci. Eng. A 349, 136–149.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00633-0

Rao, P.P. Putatunda, S.K. (1997 a). Influence of microstructure on fracture toughness of austempered ductile iron. Metallurgical and materials transaction, 1457-1470.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-997-0208-1

Rao, P.P., Putatunda, S.K., (2003 b). Investigations on the fracture toughness of austempered ductile iron alloyed with chromium. Materials science and engineering, 254-265.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(02)00633-0

Rezvani, M., Harding, R.A., Campell, J., (1997). The effect of vanadium in as-cast ductile iron. Journal of cast metals, 1-15.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031918X19050016

Sheikh, M., (2019). Influence of Austempering Heat Treatment on Ductile Iron. PakJET, vol. 2, 38-40.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.51846/vol2iss2pp38-40

Swain, S.K., Panda, R.K., Mishra, J.P., Sen, S., (2012). Phase investigation of austempered ductile iron. Orissa J. Phys 19, 73–80.

Yescas, M.A., Bhadeshia, H.K.D.H., (2002). Model for the maximum fraction of retained austenite in austempered ductile iron. Mat. Sci.

Eng. A 333, 60–66.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01840-8

Published
2022-12-12
How to Cite
Becerra-Mayorga, C. Y., Vargas-Ramírez, M., Cruz-Ramírez, A., García-Serrano, J., & Colin-García, E. (2022). Window process of an austempered ductile iron with alloying carburizers. Pädi Boletín Científico De Ciencias Básicas E Ingenierías Del ICBI, 10(Especial7), 118-124. https://doi.org/10.29057/icbi.v10iEspecial7.9823

Most read articles by the same author(s)