Determinants of Healthy Lifestyles

Abstract

Advances in science and technology have had a great impact on improving people's health, but there has also been an increase in chronic noncommunicable diseases (CNCDs), some of them related to lifestyle (LS). This work deals with the study of LSs and their impact on the health of the individual, its most representative elements are analyzed, and recommendations are made about healthy behaviors. The LS refers to the habitual behaviors of the individual, characteristics of the individual behavior that are repeated throughout life. A healthy LS refers to behaviors that maintain health and reduce the risk of getting sick. Many of the CNCDs are related to four modifiable risk factors: tobacco use, sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet, and alcohol abuse. Diet, as part of lifestyles, involves a great complexity; however, the common element to prevent the development of chronic non-communicable diseases is the recommendation to address the intake of specific foods, such as limiting saturated fatty acids, increasing the consumption of dietary fiber, decreasing the consumption of simple carbohydrates, sodium, and alcohol. Food involves great complexity that ranges from food selection, consumption capacity, cultural aspects, knowledge about food, among others. Physical activity favors the ability to maintain independence, vitality, and quality of life in old age, it is important to have a balanced program. Substance abuse leads to risk behaviors and can lead to addiction. Adequate sleep is important for maintaining brain health throughout life. Maintaining a large social network can help promote healthy cognitive aging. Jobs that have the common characteristic of spending a lot of time sitting are a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.